Learn SQL - Comprehensive Course
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Beginner Level
1. Introduction to SQL
What is SQL? History and importance
Understanding relational databases and RDBMS concepts
Overview of popular RDBMS: MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server, SQLite
SQL syntax basics
2. Basic SQL Queries
SELECT statement basics
Retrieving specific columns and rows
Using DISTINCT to remove duplicates
Sorting results with ORDER BY
Limiting results with LIMIT / TOP
3. Filtering Data
Using WHERE clause
Comparison and logical operators
Using BETWEEN, IN, and LIKE
4. Working with NULLs
Understanding NULL
Filtering with IS NULL and IS NOT NULL
5. Functions and Expressions
Aggregate functions: COUNT(), SUM(), AVG()
Scalar functions: UPPER(), LENGTH(), NOW()
Using arithmetic and string operators
Intermediate Level
6. Grouping and Aggregation
Using GROUP BY
Filtering groups with HAVING
Grouping sets and rollups
7. Joins
INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL JOIN
Self-joins and cross joins
8. Subqueries
Single-row and multiple-row subqueries
Correlated subqueries
Subqueries in SELECT, FROM, WHERE
9. Set Operations
UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT / MINUS
10. Modifying Data
INSERT INTO, UPDATE, DELETE
Using TRUNCATE
Advanced Level
11. Database Design and Normalization
Keys and ER diagrams
Normal forms (1NF to BCNF)
Indexing basics
12. Advanced SQL Queries
Window functions and CTEs
Recursive queries
Pivot and Unpivot
13. Transactions and Concurrency
ACID properties, COMMIT/ROLLBACK
Isolation levels, locking, deadlocks
14. Stored Procedures and Functions
Creating and using procedures
User-defined functions
Error handling
15. Triggers and Events
BEFORE/AFTER triggers
Scheduled events and jobs
Professional & Practical SQL
16. Performance Tuning and Optimization
Query plans, EXPLAIN, indexing tips
17. Security and Permissions
User roles, GRANT/REVOKE, views
18. Working with Views
Creating and managing views
Updatable vs read-only views
19. Data Import and Export
LOAD DATA, COPY, export options
Backup and restore
20. Using SQL with Programming Languages
SQL in Python/Java
Prepared statements
Preventing SQL injection
Optional / Specialized Topics
NoSQL vs SQL
What is NoSQL? When to use SQL vs NoSQL
Big Data and SQL on Hadoop
HiveQL basics, Spark SQL
Replication and High Availability
Master-slave replication
Clustering and failover