Learn Python - Comprehensive Course

Intermediate Level

6. Functions
   • Defining and calling functions
   • Arguments and return values
   • Default, keyword, variable-length arguments
   • *args and **kwargs
   • Lambda functions
   • Recursion
7. Modules and Packages
   • Importing standard and custom modules
   • from ... import ... syntax
   • Popular built-in modules: math, random, datetime, os, sys
   • Creating and using packages
   • __name__ == "__main__"
8. File Handling
   • Reading and writing text files
   • with statement
   • File modes: r, w, a, rb, etc.
   • Handling CSV and JSON files
9. Exception Handling
   • try, except, else, finally
   • Handling specific exceptions
   • Custom exceptions
   • Raising exceptions
10. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
    • Classes and objects
    • __init__() method
    • Instance vs class variables
    • Inheritance and method overriding
    • Polymorphism and encapsulation
    • Class and static methods
    • Magic methods (__str__, __len__, etc.)